{"id":21339,"date":"2023-01-13T11:15:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-13T10:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/landing.urbanitae.com\/2023\/01\/13\/2-as-regras-basicas-do-investimento\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T13:16:08","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T11:16:08","slug":"2-as-regras-basicas-do-investimento","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.urbanitae.com\/pt-pt\/2023\/01\/13\/2-as-regras-basicas-do-investimento\/","title":{"rendered":"2. As regras b\u00e1sicas do investimento"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Como em muitas outras \u00e1reas da vida, investir bem tem uma parte importante de evitar erros. Estas quatro regras b\u00e1sicas do investimento ajudar-te-\u00e3o a n\u00e3o trope\u00e7ar mais do que o necess\u00e1rio.<\/p>

A primeira coisa que \u00e9 preciso esclarecer \u00e9 que o objetivo destas regras n\u00e3o \u00e9 enriquecer, mas evitar que percas o teu dinheiro. Seguir estas recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es permitir-te-\u00e1 tomar decis\u00f5es de investimento mais fundamentadas\u2026 e poupar-te-\u00e1 sustos.<\/p>

J\u00e1 te contamos que o primeiro requisito para come\u00e7ar a investir<\/a> \u00e9 teres poupado,<\/strong>\u00a0teres a tua casa financeira em ordem. A partir da\u00ed, as decis\u00f5es dependem do perfil de cada investidor e do risco<\/a> que queremos assumir. E o risco est\u00e1 muito ligado, por sua vez, ao momento da vida em que nos encontramos. Provavelmente n\u00e3o quereremos investir da mesma forma se estamos a pensar em comprar um apartamento ou se queremos refor\u00e7ar a nossa reforma<\/a>\u2026<\/p>

Em todo o caso, as recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es gerais apontam para poupar cerca de 10% do teu sal\u00e1rio. <\/strong>E investir cerca de 10 ou 15% dos rendimentos. Esta percentagem poderia aumentar at\u00e9 30 ou 40% em fun\u00e7\u00e3o do que mencionamos: o momento da vida e a toler\u00e2ncia ao risco de cada um. Mas, as regras b\u00e1sicas do investimento s\u00e3o aplic\u00e1veis a todos os investidores. Aqui est\u00e3o:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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1. Come\u00e7a cedo<\/h2>

O ditado “n\u00e3o deixes para amanh\u00e3 o que podes fazer hoje” tamb\u00e9m se aplica ao investimento. Na verdade, se ainda n\u00e3o come\u00e7aste, est\u00e1s de parab\u00e9ns, porque agora \u00e9 sempre o melhor momento. A menos que o teu objetivo seja obter rendimentos em pouco tempo. Para a maioria dos investidores, nunca \u00e9 tarde, porque, a longo prazo, o mercado cresce sempre.<\/strong>\u00a0E porque a rentabilidade, por pequena que seja, multiplica as tuas poupan\u00e7as com o tempo.<\/p>

J\u00e1 te falamos sobre o juro composto<\/a>. No in\u00edcio, o juro faz com que o teu investimento cres\u00e7a um pouco, mas depois esse juro aplica-se sobre esse total um pouco maior. Consequentemente, o crescimento das tuas poupan\u00e7as n\u00e3o \u00e9 aritm\u00e9tico, mas sim geom\u00e9trico.<\/strong>\u00a0Para que tenhas uma ideia: imagina que colocas 1.000 euros num mealheiro e que todos os meses adicionas 30 euros. Ao fim de 20 anos, ter\u00e1s 8.200 euros. Se, em vez do mealheiro, tivesses escolhido um dep\u00f3sito a 2%, no ano 20 terias 10.400 euros. Ao fim de 30 anos, seriam 16.700…<\/p>

2. Pensa a longo prazo<\/h2>

A economia tem os seus ciclos. Normalmente, se tem crescido muito tempo, chegar\u00e1 um momento em que deixar\u00e1 de o fazer e entrar\u00e1 em recess\u00e3o \u2013 bom, salvo se viveres na Austr\u00e1lia<\/a> \u2013. Isso afeta a valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o dos ativos \u2013 aquilo em que podes investir \u2013 embora o efeito n\u00e3o seja uniforme. Al\u00e9m disso, podem surgir complica\u00e7\u00f5es num setor, mas n\u00e3o noutros. Em resumo, \u00e9 dif\u00edcil vencer o mercado:<\/strong>\u00a0prever o que acontecer\u00e1 para tirar proveito.<\/p>

O que n\u00e3o muda \u00e9 que o mercado, assim como a economia, cresce sempre a longo prazo. Da\u00ed que nunca seja tarde para come\u00e7ar a investir \u2013 sem se deixar levar pela euforia ou pelas decis\u00f5es de outros investidores. J\u00e1 disse Warren Buffett<\/a>: \u201cPara ganhar dinheiro a investir, \u00e9 preciso comprar boas empresas e mant\u00ea-las durante longos per\u00edodos de tempo\u201d. Claro que a primeira parte \u00e9 mais f\u00e1cil quando \u00e9s Warren Buffett…<\/p>

3. Diversifica<\/h2>

Ray Dalio, fundador do fundo de cobertura Bridgewater Associates e considerado uma das pessoas mais influentes do mundo, afirma que a diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 o “santo graal” do investimento.<\/strong>\u00a0A chave do sucesso \u00e9 simples: \u201cEncontrar 15 ou 20 boas fontes de rendimento que n\u00e3o estejam correlacionadas entre si\u201d. Novamente, a experi\u00eancia de ser Ray Dalio conta muito.<\/p>

Mas a ideia \u00e9 clara. Se investirmos em ativos diferentes, setores diferentes, pa\u00edses diferentes ou momentos diferentes, dilu\u00edmos o risco. A proposta da Urbanitae tem a diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a> na sua base:<\/strong>\u00a0ao partir de quantias pequenas, permite investir numa pluralidade de projetos independentes e diversificar por tipo de ativo e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>

4. Certifica-te de que compreendes<\/h2>

Mesmo as op\u00e7\u00f5es de investimento mais cl\u00e1ssicas merecem um exame atento. Se tens d\u00favidas entre o TAN e a TAE, n\u00e3o sabes bem o que \u00e9 um cup\u00e3o de obriga\u00e7\u00f5es ou qual a diferen\u00e7a entre rentabilidade bruta e l\u00edquida, pergunta antes de decidir.<\/strong>\u00a0E certifica-te de investir em algo cujo funcionamento possas compreender. Parte do desastre que ocorreu na Grande Recess\u00e3o \u2013 a crise mundial originada em 2007 \u2013 foi que muitos investiram em produtos \u2013 derivados \u2013, como os CDS ou os CDO, dif\u00edceis de entender.<\/p>

Em resumo. N\u00e3o te precipites nem tomes decis\u00f5es apressadas. E escolhe investimentos que possas explicar aos teus pais\u2026 ou que possas tocar<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\n <\/i><\/span> \n Epis\u00f3dio anterior<\/span>\n\n <\/div>\n\t <\/a>\n <\/div>\n \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\n \n Pr\u00f3ximo epis\u00f3dio<\/span>\n\n <\/i><\/span> <\/div>\n\t <\/a>\n <\/div>\n \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

O ingrediente mais importante para o sucesso no investimento \u00e9 o tempo. Por isso, uma das regras b\u00e1sicas do investimento \u00e9 come\u00e7ar cedo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":68764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[853,1662,1667],"tags":[915,851,850,914,916,918,917],"class_list":["post-21339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aprenda-a-investir","category-guia-inversion-principiantes","category-guia-de-investimento-para-principiantes","tag-diversificacao","tag-guardar","tag-investimento-pt-pt","tag-juros-compostos","tag-longo-prazo","tag-ray-dalio-pt-pt","tag-warren-buffett-pt-pt"],"yoast_head":"\n2. 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